Controls on depositional systems and sequence stratigraphy of. The sigmoids are stacked in progradational andor aggradational. Certain surfaces are designated as sequence or systems tract boundaries to facilitate the construction of. Parasequence sets and stacking patterns an online guide.
The variation in 6 the weather and sea level can be detected through careful analysis of sequence stratigraphy 7. The concept of sequence stratigraphy was first developed by peter vail in the 1960s. Facies analysis and sequence stratigraphic framework of upper campanian strata neslen and mount garfield formations, bluecastle tongue of the castlegate sandstone, and mancos shale, eastern book cliffs, colorado and utah by mark a. Describe the geometric relationship among facies by understanding how rock units are related in time and space, we can better interpret how how they are connected as water, oil, gas reservoirs and how they related to earths history sea level. Pdf sequence stratigraphy hierarchy and the accommodation. The sequences are generally composed of aggradational and progradational units without a retrogradational unit. These lacustrine transgressive systems tracts therefore exhibit parasequence stacking patterns unlike typical marine sequences. View notes parasequence sets and stacking patterns from geol 4500 at university of georgia. Sequence stratigraphic study of passive margin and foreland. Facies interpretation, depositional environment and sequence. The american association of petroleum geologists is an international organization with over 38,000 members in 100plus countries. Stacking patterns of the basinfloor fan and slope fan, contained within the lowstand systems tract, are difficult to identify. Stacking patterns of the sequences are retrogradational or progradational depending on tectonic movements and sediment dispersal in the basins. Sequence stratigraphy of akos field in the coastal swamp.
The simulated highresolution sequence stratigraphic model from 280 ma to 270 ma indicated that the stacking patterns of the sq1 sequence comprise both aggradational 280279. In the next stage, the higher frequency transgressive regressive sequences and lower order mrs and mfs were mapped within the 2nd order depositional sequences. Fluvial sequence stratigraphic analysis of oligomiocene. Systems tracts often have characteristic parasequence stacking patterns. Each trajectory regime represents a specific stratal stacking patterns, providing new tools to define a modelindependent methodology for sequence stratigraphy. The parasequence stacking pattern in parasequence sets can be a progradational, retrogradational, or aggradational pattern, which depends on the ratio of the deposition rate and ac.
As a result, there is no net vertical trend in water depth. Sequence stratigraphy of gachal formation in bakhshi section sequence stratigraphy is a method of classifying and interpreting sedimentary rocks and fossils in terms of variations in the environments. These architectural patterns are similar to progradational sequences seen on some seismic. Sedimentological descriptions and depositional interpretations, in sequence stratigraphic context, of two 300meter cores from the upper cretaceous straight cliffs formation, kaiparowits plateau. Sequence stratigraphy of lower carboniferous rocks in. Practical sequence stratigraphy was originally published as a fifteenpart series in the canadian society of petroleum geologists monthly magazine, the reservoir, between may 2008 and september 2009. Application of sequence stratigraphy, 3d seismic attributes and inversion hari lal1, n. Sequence stratigraphy of well a five sequences have been recognized in this well fig. Mapping of reservoir facies within heterogeneously. In a progradational set of parasequences, each parasequence is shifted somewhat farther seaward than the parasequence before. Controls on depositional systems and sequence stratigraphy.
Hps buat aga seismik stratigrafi stratigraphy earth. Sedimentary controls on the sequence stratigraphic. The oligo miocene tectonosequences composed of lower barail sequence and upper tipam prograding sequences separated by an unconformity surface. Characteristic sedimentary wedge with specific geometry and vertical stacking pattern. Principles of sequence stratigraphy slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising.
Sequence stratigraphy is the subdivision of the stratigraphic record on the basis of bounding discontinuities. Translating sequence stratigraphic principles originally defined for seis mic scale siliciclastic systems to. Systems tract overlying a type 2 sequence boundary, overlain by a transgressive surface maximum regressive surface, and characterized by a progradational to aggradational parasequence set. This concept encompasses the integration of seismic data, well logs and highresolution biostratigraphic data, resulting in chronostratigraphic. The list below, modified from vail outlines a suggested procedure for well log sequence analysis interpret depositional lithofacies on logs using cores and cuttings to calibrate the log. Oligocenemiocene, asmari formation, paleoenvironment, sequence stratigraphy, zagros basin. Bader abstract the inyan kara formation of northwestern north dakota is the lowermost unit of the lower cretaceous dakota group. Facies analysis and sequence stratigraphic framework of upper. The fundamental unit of sequence stratigraphy is the sequence, which is bounded by unconformities and their correlative.
Aggradational progradational parasequence sets of the highstand systems tract stacking patterns and trajectories of progressively younger parasequences which are deposited farther seaward when the rate of deposition exceeds the rate of accommodation progradation during a still stand in base level. Sequence stratigraphy is used to provide a chronostratigraphic framework for the correlation and mapping of sedimentary facies and for stratigraphic prediction. Sequence stratigraphy material for this chapter are mainly from the following articles. Sequence stratigraphy basics of sequence stratigraphy click here for more streamed web based lectures.
Adopting dicksons 1965 method 4, alizarinred is used to stain the thin sections to identify the type of carbonate minerals distinguishing calcite from dolomite. The lowstand systems tract lst is bounded below by a sequence boundary and. While he was a senior scientist at exxon, he come up with three core concepts. Sequence stratigraphy emphasizes changes in stratal stacking patterns in response to varying accommodation and sediment supply through time. Sequence stratigraphy is a type of stratigraphy that deals with the description, interpretation, classification, and nomenclature of sedimentary rocks based on their stratal stacking patterns and. In the simplest sense, sequence stratigraphy studies stratal stacking patterns. Concepts in stratigraphy stratigraphy basic concepts lithostratigraphy sequence stratigraphy sea level and sediment supply consequences of changes in sea level types of sequences biostratigraphy other types of stratigraphy basic principles steno 1669 principal of original horizontality sediments deposited as essentially horizontal beds. Controls on depositional systems and sequence stratigraphy of the pliocene pleistocene strata of eastern niger delta, nigeria oluwaseyi a.
A guide to application of stackingpatterns analysis in strata of diverse ages and settings, advances in carbonate sequence stratigraphy. The haynesville shale depositional system is an example of a competing carbonate and clastic system that contains contemporaneous retrogradational and progradational facies. The sequence stratigraphy, depositional systems and reservoir geology of the lower and middle oligocene frio formation in the red fish bay field, nueces county, texas, are examined based on 1,800 feet 548. Facies distribution, paleoenvironment and sequence. In sq4, the sequence stacking patterns are progradation. Although sequence stratigraphy was originally designed for seismic sections, sequence principles can be readily applied to outcrop, core, and well logs.
Next, parasequences stacking pattern, unconformity surfaces, system tracts and the status of the studied sequence stratigraphy among the global sequences are also determined. Flat to slightly falling shelfedge trajectories and progradational and downstepping stacking patterns are empirically related to largescale, sandrich gravity flows and associated. Upward thinning of peritidal cycles would indicate slowing rates of relative sealevel rise and is treated as progradational stacking. Based on parasequence stacking patterns, position of sequence boundaries, and facies associations, the desert member and castlegate sandstone have been divided into sequences with durations of 200. A stratigraphic sequence corresponds to a cycle of change in stratal stacking patterns, defined by the recurrence of the same type of sequence stratigraphic surface in the rock record. The lower mississippian mission canyon formation and stratigraphic equivalents in montana and idaho were deposited on a progradational carbonate ramp that developed on the foreland side of the. Introduction to sequence stratigraphy and its application to reservoir. Mapping of reservoir facies within heterogeneously deposited.
Shelfedge trajectories and stratal stacking patterns. Well logs and 3d seismic data show that from sq1 to sq3, retrogradational stacking patterns occur in beipu, laoyemiao, and the hanging. A guide to application of stacking patterns analysis in strata of diverse ages and settings, advances in carbonate sequence stratigraphy. Sequence stratigraphy as a sequence stratigraphy as a. Sequence stratigraphy is a branch of geology that attempts to subdivide and link sedimentary deposits into unconformity bound units on a variety of scales and explain these stratigraphic units in terms of variations in sediment supply and variations in the rate of change in accommodation space relative sea level, the combination of eustatic sea level and tectonic subsidence.
The study of genetically related facies within a framework of chronostratigraphically significant surfaces. Highresolution sequence stratigraphy in prograding miocene. Consists of succession of genetically related strata deposited during a single cycle of relative sea level change. Progradational facies succession inner shelf to lower shoreface mid to inner shelf outer shelf 20 10 0 ft. Sequence stratigraphy as a concrete stratigraphic discipline abstract sequence stratigraphy is a stratigraphic discipline in which stratigraphic surfaces that represent changes in depositional trend are used for correlation and for defining specific types of sequence stratigraphic units. Sequence stratigraphic analysis from well logs of an x. Jul 11, 2016 introduction sequence stratigraphy is a branch of geology that attempts to subdivide and link sedimentary deposits into unconformity bound units on a variety of scales and explain these stratigraphic units in terms of variations in sediment supply and variations in the rate of change in accommodation space often associated with changes in. Seismic stratigraphy of quaternary stacked progradational. In a progradational set of parasequences, each parasequence is placed in roughly the same lateral position as the previous parasequence. The highresolution sequence stratigraphy tackles scales of observation that typically fall below the resolution of seismic exploration methods, commonly referred to as of 4thorder or lower rank. In the western part of the system, which is carbonatedominated and fairly restricted from siliciclastic input, the timeequivalent gilmer haynesville lime consists of. Sequence i 11,1009,400 ft in this sequence, the lst 11,10010,600 ft is made up of progradational stacking pattern of sand. Ashton embry for his work in making this series possible.
Sequence stratigraphy is a method to impose the dimension of time on a relationship of rock units in space area and depth. Walton 1996 was the first to apply sequence stratigraphic concepts to cherokee group strata, concluding that numerous sequences exist. Sequence stratigraphy of the inyan kara formation, northwestern north dakota extracting the maximum from minimal core and outcrop data jeffrey w. Parasequences, parasequence stacking patterns, and systems tracts whereas the depositional sequence hereafter sequence is the fundamental unit of sequence stratigraphy, at a smaller scale, the parasequence is the fundamental unit of the sequence. So a rapidly progradational pattern will be indicative of falling sea level, rapidly retrogradational is evidence for rapidly transgressing sea. Sequence stratigraphy, depositional environment and reservoir. Regional stratigraphy and sedimentology of the eagle ford. The purposes of this association are to advance the science of geology. Sequence stratigraphy american association of petroleum.
Sequence stratigraphy and evolution of a progradational, foreland carbonate ramp, lower mississippian mission canyon formation and stratigraphic equivalents, montana and idaho. Published online by the canadian society of petroleum. Parasequence stacking patterns, thirdorder accommodation. Sequence stratigraphy has developed over the last four decades through the integrated interpretation of stratal geometries e. Remember that transgressions typically yield much less sediment than regressions. Progradational retrogradational aggradational figure 1 shows these three stacking patterns.
Nov 28, 2017 sequence stratigraphy has become key significant helpful techniques in generating exploration prospects and predicting reservoir and seal quality in both stratigraphic and structural prospects. The streamed video chalk board lecture below explains the ideal vail et al 1977 sequence, and considers this in terms of the component systems tract s, and their gross geometries as products of changes in relative sea level base level. Sequence stratigraphic analysis from well logs of an x field. Estimate sequences and systems tracts from the interpreted lithofacies using regional cross sections with well and outcrop data determine accommodation space changes from parasequence stacking. Outcropand corebased studies are aimed at recognizing features at these scales, and represent the basis for highresolution sequence stratigraphy. The result of the sequence stratigraphy analysis for the various well is discussed independently as follows. Sequence stratigraphy has become key significant helpful techniques in generating exploration prospects and predicting reservoir and seal quality in both stratigraphic and structural prospects. Different kind of systems tracts are assigned on the basis of stratal stacking pattern, position in a sequence and in the sea level curve and types of bounding surfaces. Rift activity and sequence stratigraphy of the oligocene. Application to reservoirs, outcrops and models, paul m. Towards a sequence stratigraphic solution set for autogenic. Secular variation in parasequence and facies stacking patterns of platform carbonates. Parasequences can stack into landwardstepping retrogradational sets, aggradational sets, and basinwardstepping progradational parasequences sets all. Recent developments and applications articlechapter.
Sequence stratigraphic approach to hydrocarbon exploration. Sedimentological descriptions and depositional interpretations, in sequence strati graphic context, of two 300meter cores from the upper cretaceous straight cliffs formation, kaiparowits plateau, kane county, utah robert d. Sequence stratigraphy of akos field in the coastal swamp depobelt of the niger delta tope s alege department of earth sciences, kogi state university, anyigba, nigeria abstract welllog sequence stratigraphy has been carried out in the akos field aimed at studying its stratigraphic framework. Except for these differences, application of sequence stratigraphic principles in terms of interpreting beds and bedsets, recognizing parasequences, stacking patterns and. Thus, it is often useful to identify packages of sediment between maximum flooding surfaces, that mostly consist of regressional deposits.
Click on image below to access a larger version of this diagram and view grain size distribution and clastic geometries. The variation in 6 the weather and sea level can be detected through careful analysis of sequence stratigraphy. Facies interpretation, depositional environment and. Sequence stratigraphy is the study of rock relationships within a chronostratigraphic framework of repetitive, genetically related strata bounded by surfaces of erosion or nondeposition, or their correlative conformities.
Mapping of reservoir facies within heterogeneously deposited and structurally deformed strata in tripura frontal fold belt of assam and assam arakan basin. The first step in this approach is to interpret individual beds in terms of depositional events, including an evaluation of the shear stress in the environment, the type of flow currents. Sequence stratigraphy of lower carboniferous rocks in bakhshi. Besides the log pattern, the stratal stacking progradational, retrogradational and aggradational of the strata were also considered for. Sequence stratigraphy emphasizes changes in stratal stacking patterns in response to varying.
Sequence straigraphy is the study of rock units within a chronostratigrphic framework bounded by erosional surfaces, nondeposition, or conformities. A parasequence boundary can separate unique parasequence stacking patterns, which could coincide with a sequence boundary or even a downlap systems tracts boundary. Introduction sequence stratigraphy is a branch of geology that attempts to subdivide and link sedimentary deposits into unconformity bound units on a variety of scales and explain these stratigraphic units in terms of variations in sediment supply and variations in the rate of change in accommodation space often associated with changes in. Retrogradational parasequence sets of the transgressive systems tract stacking patterns and trajectories of progressively younger parasequences which are deposited farther landward when the rate of deposition is less than the rate of accommodation during a rise in base level. Introduction lithostratigraphy versus sequence stratigraphy deciphering the relationships between traditional lithostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy is the key to correctly understanding the time.